BIO-CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ELATHY MATHIRAI
AUTHOR - Dr.JEEVITHA VASUDEVAN M.D(S).
ABSTRACT :
Herbal medicine contains various biochemical compounds that are useful in treating various diseases. The objective of this study is to find the biochemical constituents of the siddha drug Elathi mathirai, a poly herbal tablet taken from the siddha literature.
INTRODUCTION
Siddha system is the indigenous system of India approved by the government of India. The siddhars says that the universe is the composition of mann, neer neruppu, kaatru and aakayam. The human body, pathology of disease, medicine for treatment, and food substances all are have this composition of five elements ie, mann, neer, neruppu, kaatru and Aakayam. Uyir thathukkal I. e vadham, pitham, kabam are present in a ratio. Imbalance between uyir thathukkal produce the disease. So the treatment of the disease is based on the correction of vitiated mukkutram. This research aims to do the biochemical analysis of the trial drug elathi mathirai to indicate the presence of calcium, sulphate, chloride starch, ferrous iron, tannic acid, unsaturated compound and amino acids.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
INGREDIENTS
Botanical Name : Elettaria cardamomum
Botanical Name : Quercus infectoria
Botanical Name : Piper longum
Botanical Name : Fel bovinum purifactum
Botanical Name : Costus speciosus
Botanical Name : Nardostachys grandiflora
Botanical Name : Cuminum cyminum
Botanical Name : Nigella sativa
Botanical Name : Anacyclus pyrethrum
Preparation of the extract:
5gms of the drug (powder without oil) was weighed accurately and placed in a 250ml clean beaker. Then 50ml of distilled water is added and dissolved well. Then it is boiled well for about 10 minutes. It is cooled and filtered in a 100ml volumetric flask and then it is make up to 100ml with distilled water. This fluid is taken for analysis.
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
|
S.NO |
EXPERIMENT |
OBSERVATION |
INFERENCE |
|
1. |
TEST FOR CALCIUM 2ml of the above prepared extract is taken in a clean test tube. To this add 2ml of 4% Ammonium oxalate solution |
A white precipitate is formed |
Indicates the presence of calcium |
|
2. |
TEST FOR SULPHATE 2ml of the extract is added to 5% Barium chloride solution. |
A white precipitate is formed |
Indicates the presence of sulphate |
|
3. |
TEST FOR CHLORIDE The extract is treated with silver nitrate solution |
A white precipitate is formed |
Indicates the presence of chloride |
|
4. |
TEST FOR CARBONATE The substance is treated with concentrated Hcl. |
No Brisk effervessence is formed |
Absence of carbonate |
|
5. |
TEST FOR STARCH The extract is added with weak iodine solution |
Blue colour is formed |
Indicates the presence of starch |
|
6. |
TEST FOR FERRIC IRON The extract is acidified with Glacial acetic acid and potassium ferro cyanide. |
No blue colour is formed |
Absence of ferric iron |
|
7. |
TEST OF FERROUS IRON The extract is treated with concentrated Nitric acid and Ammonium thio cyanate solution |
Blood red colour is formed |
Indicates the presence of ferrous iron |
|
8. |
TEST FOR PHOSPHATE The extract is treated with Ammonium Molybdate and concentrated nitric acid |
No yellow precipitate is formed |
Absence of phosphate |
|
9. |
TEST FOR ALBUMIN The extract is treated with Esbach’s reagent |
No Yellow precipitate is formed |
Absence of Albumin |
|
10. |
TEST FOR TANNIC ACID The extract is treated with ferric chloride. |
Blue black precipitate is formed |
Indicates the presence of tannic acid |
|
11. |
TEST FOR UNSATURATION Potassium permanganate solution is added to the extract |
It gets decolourised. |
Indicates the presence of unsaturated compound |
|
12. |
TEST FOR THE REDUCING SUGAR 5ml of Benedict’s qualitative solution is taken in a test tube and allowed to boil for 2 mts and add 8-10 drops of the extract and again boil it for 2 mts. |
No colour change occurs. |
Absence of Reducing sugar |
|
13. |
TEST FOR AMINO ACID One or two drops of the extract is placed on a filter paper and dried well. After drying, 1% Ninnhydrin is sprayed over the same and dried it well. |
Violet colour is formed |
Indicates the presence of Amino acid |
|
14. |
TEST FOR ZINC The extract is treated with Potassium Ferrocyanide. |
No white precipitate is formed |
Absence of Zinc. |
Results and discussion.
The above analysis indicates the presence of calcium, sulphate, chloride starch, ferrous iron, tannic acid, unsaturated compound and amino acids.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
A. Siddha Literature
B. Modern Literature