BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SIDDHA MONOHERBAL DRUG KADUKKAI KARPAM
Porkodi A1, Josephin Abisala M2, Poongodi Kanthimathi A.S3
1 PG Scholar, Department of Siddhar YogaMaruthuvam
2 PG Scholars, Department of Siddhar YogaMaruthuvam
3 Head of the Department, Department of Siddhar YogaMaruthuvam
Government Siddha Medical College& Hospital , Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli.
ABSTRACT
Siddha system is one of the ancient and spirituality enriched traditional medical system of India. Kaya karpam means (kayam-body, karpam-able competent to make our body competent and youthful. The kalpa medicines are those which prevent graying wrinkling of skin, aging, senile changes and other disease for promoting longevity with complete freedom from illness.Kaya karpam provides both mental and physical wellness. Among vadha diseases thandagavatham is the most common type of vadha diseases mentioned in yugivaithiyacinthamani which may correlate with lumbarspondylosis.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the biochemical analysis of the trial drug Kadukkaikarpam and it indicates the presence of calcium, sulphate, chloride, starch, tannic acid, unsaturated compounds, reducing sugar, amino acid which revealed the effectiveness of therapeutic action in vadha diseases especially in thandagavatham (lumbarspondylosis).
KEY WORDS:
Thandagavatham,lumbarspondylosis, biochemical analysis, kaya karpam, kadukkaikarpam.
INTRODUCTION:
In siddha system yugimunivar classified vadha disease into 80 types. The disease thandagavadham can be correlated to lumbar spondylosis.The symptoms are pain in the lower back region, spasm, numbness, radiating pain to both legs.
According to it, lumbar spondylosis is defined as degenerative condition which affects the lower spine. In lumbar spondylosis the spine compromised by a narrowing of the space between the vertebrae, causing a variety of health problems ranging from back pain to neurological issues. This condition is usually caused by trauma, obesity, spine undergoes changes as people grow older and many of these changes contribute to degeneration of the vertebrae.
Lumbar spondylosis or degenerative arthritis is common lumbar spine due to excessive mobility in that area of spine. In otherworld it is a manifestation of the wear and tear process. Other predisposing factors can be old age, injury to the spine or any previous diseases.
In Theraiyarsegarappa Text, kadukkai karpam has been indicated for vatha diseases
MATERIALS & METHODS: KADUKKAI KARPAM
DRUGS |
BOTANICAL NAME |
PART USED |
KADUKKAI |
Terminalia chebula |
fruit pulp |
Source of Drug Ingredients:
The drugs are purified as per the evidence mentioned in the sarakkusuthimuraigal and anubogavaithyabrammaragasiyam. The drugs are authenticated by The Faculty / Expert members of Medicinal Botany and Gunapadam department at GSMCH- Palayamkottai.
Methods of Purification and Preparations:
All the ingredients have been completely purified as per the siddha literature in the presence knowledge of Guide / Faculty members. Then the trail drug is prepared from the ingredients.
Biochemical analysis:
Screening the drug kadukkaikarpam to identify the Biochemical properties present in the ingredient.
Chemicals and drugs:
The chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade obtained from Department of Biochemistry, Government Siddha Medical College& Hospital, Palayamkottai.
Methodology:
5 grams of the drug was weighed accurately and placed in a 250ml clean beaker. Then 50ml of distilled water added to it and dissolved well. Then it was boiled well for about 10 minutes. It was cooled and filtered in a 100ml volumetric flask and then it is made up to 100ml with distilled water. This fluid was taken for analysis.
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
S.No |
EXPERIMENT |
OBSERVATION |
INFERENCE |
01 |
TEST FOR CALCIUM 2ml of the above prepared extract is taken in a clean test tube. To this add 2ml of 4% Ammonium oxalate solution |
A white precipitate is formed |
Indicates The presence of calcium |
02 |
TEST FOR SULPHATE 2ml of the extract is added to 5% Barium chloride solution. |
A white precipitate is formed |
Indicates the presence of sulphate |
03 |
TEST FOR CHLORIDE The extract is treated with silver nitrate solution |
A white precipitate is formed |
Indicates the Presence of chloride |
04 |
TEST FOR CARBONATE The substance is treated with concentrated HCL. |
No brisk effervescence is formed |
Absence of carbonate |
05 |
TEST FOR STARCH The extract is added with weak iodine solution |
Blue color is formed |
Indicates the presence of starch |
06 |
TEST FOR FERRIC IRON The extract is acidified with Glacial acetic acid and potassium Ferro cyanide. |
No blue color is formed |
Absence of ferric iron |
07 |
TEST FOR FERROUS IRON The extract is treated with concentrated Nitric acid and Ammonium thiocyanate solution |
No Blood red color is formed |
Absence of ferrous iron |
08 |
TEST FOR PHOSPHATE The extract is treated with Ammonium Molybdate and concentrated nitric acid |
No yellow precipitate is formed |
Absence of phosphate |
09 |
TEST FOR ALBUMIN The extract is treated with Eshbach’s reagent |
No yellow precipitate is formed |
Absence of albumin |
10 |
TEST FOR TANNIC ACID The extract is treated with ferric chloride. |
blue-black precipitate is formed |
Indicates the presence of Tannic acid |
11 |
TEST FOR UNSATURATION Potassium permanganate solution is added to the extract |
It gets decolorized |
Indicates the presence of unsaturated compound |
12 |
TEST FOR THE REDUCING SUGAR 5ml of Benedict’s qualitative solution is taken in a test tube and allowed to boil for 2 minutes and add 8-10 drops of the extract and again boil it for 2 minutes. |
Color change occurs |
Indicates the presence of reducing sugar |
13 |
TEST FOR AMINO ACID One or two drops of the extract is placed on a filter paper and dried well. After drying, 1% Ninhydrin is sprayed over the same and dried it well. |
Violet color is formed |
Indicates the presence of Amino acid |
14 |
TEST FOR ZINC The extract is treated with Potassium Ferro cyanide. |
No white precipitate is formed |
Absence of zinc |
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:
The Biochemical analysis of the trial drug kadukkaikarpam was tabulated above in table 2.
1. Calcium
2. Sulphate
3. Chloride
4. Starch
5. Tannic acid
6. Unsaturated compounds
7. Reducing sugar
8. Amino acid
Conclusion
Mode of action of the trial drug kadukkaikarpam which brings about the Bone mineralisation, Osteoblastic and Osteoclastic activity in body. May be due to the presence of calcium, sulphate, chloride and amino acid in it. Can be used to treat Thandagavatham (lumbarspondylosis)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
The Author wish to acknowledge our hearty thanks to Dr.A.S.Poongodi Kanthimathi Head of the Department, Department of Siddhar YogaMaruthuvam, Department of Biochemistry, Government Siddha Medical College & Hospital, Palayamkottai and Thanks to My Department Facilities.
Reference
1. Anonymous Sarakkusuthimuraigal,First Edition, Siddha maruthuvaNoolveliyitapirivu Indian medicine and Homeopathy Department (2008)
2. Taxonomy of Angiosperm.
3. Davidson text book of Modern medicine
4. MurugesaMudaliyarK.S.Text book of materia medica (Gunapadam)mooligai,Department of Indian medicine and Homeopathy (2008)