Porkodi et al

Government Siddha Medical College& Hospital , Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli.

Siddha system is one of the ancient and spirituality enriched traditional medical system of India. Kaya karpam means (kayam-body, karpam-able competent to make our body competent and youthful. The kalpa medicines are those which prevent graying wrinkling of skin, aging, senile changes and other disease for promoting longevity with complete freedom from illness.Kaya karpam provides both mental and physical wellness. Among vadha diseases thandagavatham is the most common type of vadha diseases mentioned in yugivaithiyacinthamani which may correlate with lumbarspondylosis.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the biochemical analysis of the trial drug Kadukkaikarpam and it indicates the presence of calcium, sulphate, chloride, starch, tannic acid, unsaturated compounds, reducing sugar, amino acid which revealed the effectiveness of therapeutic action in vadha diseases especially in thandagavatham (lumbarspondylosis).

Thandagavatham,lumbarspondylosis, biochemical analysis, kaya karpam, kadukkaikarpam.

In siddha system yugimunivar classified vadha disease into 80 types. The disease thandagavadham can be correlated to lumbar spondylosis.The symptoms are pain in the lower back region, spasm, numbness, radiating pain to both legs.

According to it, lumbar spondylosis is defined as degenerative condition which affects the lower spine. In lumbar spondylosis the spine compromised by a narrowing of the space between the vertebrae, causing a variety of health problems ranging from back pain to neurological issues. This condition is usually caused by trauma, obesity, spine undergoes changes as people grow older and many of these changes contribute to degeneration of the vertebrae.

Lumbar spondylosis or degenerative arthritis is common lumbar spine due to excessive mobility in that area of spine. In otherworld it is a manifestation of the wear and tear process. Other predisposing factors can be old age, injury to the spine or any previous diseases.

In Theraiyarsegarappa Text, kadukkai karpam has been indicated for vatha diseases

The drugs are purified as per the evidence mentioned in the sarakkusuthimuraigal and anubogavaithyabrammaragasiyam. The drugs are authenticated by The Faculty / Expert members of Medicinal Botany and Gunapadam department at GSMCH- Palayamkottai.

All the ingredients have been completely purified as per the siddha literature in the presence knowledge of Guide / Faculty members. Then the trail drug is prepared from the ingredients.

Screening the drug kadukkaikarpam to identify the Biochemical properties present in the ingredient.

The chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade obtained from Department of Biochemistry, Government Siddha Medical College& Hospital, Palayamkottai.

5 grams of the drug was weighed accurately and placed in a 250ml clean beaker. Then 50ml of distilled water added to it and dissolved well. Then it was boiled well for about 10 minutes. It was cooled and filtered in a 100ml volumetric flask and then it is made up to 100ml with distilled water. This fluid was taken for analysis.

S.No	EXPERIMENT	OBSERVATION	INFERENCE
01	TEST FOR CALCIUM 2ml of the above prepared extract is taken in a clean test tube. To this add 2ml of 4% Ammonium oxalate solution	A white precipitate is formed	Indicates The presence of calcium
02	TEST FOR SULPHATE 2ml of the extract is added to 5% Barium chloride solution.	A white precipitate is formed	Indicates the presence of sulphate
03	TEST FOR CHLORIDE The extract is treated with silver nitrate solution	A white precipitate is formed	Indicates the Presence of chloride
04	TEST FOR CARBONATE The substance is treated with concentrated HCL.	No brisk effervescence is formed	Absence of carbonate
05	TEST FOR STARCH The extract is added with weak iodine solution	Blue color is formed	Indicates the presence of starch
06	TEST FOR FERRIC IRON The extract is acidified with Glacial acetic acid and potassium Ferro cyanide.	No blue color is formed	Absence of ferric iron
07	TEST FOR FERROUS IRON The extract is treated with concentrated Nitric acid and Ammonium thiocyanate solution	No Blood red color is formed	Absence of ferrous iron
08	TEST FOR PHOSPHATE The extract is treated with Ammonium Molybdate and concentrated nitric acid	No yellow precipitate is formed	Absence of phosphate
09	TEST FOR ALBUMIN The extract is treated with Eshbach’s reagent	No yellow precipitate is formed	Absence of albumin
10	TEST FOR TANNIC ACID The extract is treated with ferric chloride.	blue-black precipitate is formed	Indicates the presence of Tannic acid
11	TEST FOR UNSATURATION Potassium permanganate solution is added to the extract	It gets decolorized	Indicates the presence of unsaturated compound
12	TEST FOR THE REDUCING SUGAR 5ml of Benedict’s qualitative solution is taken in a test tube and allowed to boil for 2 minutes and add 8-10 drops of the extract and again boil it for 2 minutes.	Color change occurs	Indicates the presence of reducing sugar
13	TEST FOR AMINO ACID One or two drops of the extract is placed on a filter paper and dried well. After drying, 1% Ninhydrin is sprayed over the same and dried it well.	Violet color is formed	Indicates the presence of Amino acid
14	TEST FOR ZINC The extract is treated with Potassium Ferro cyanide.	No white precipitate is formed	Absence of zinc

The Biochemical analysis of the trial drug kadukkaikarpam was tabulated above in table 2.

Mode of action of the trial drug kadukkaikarpam which brings about the Bone mineralisation, Osteoblastic and Osteoclastic activity in body. May be due to the presence of calcium, sulphate, chloride and amino acid in it. Can be used to treat Thandagavatham (lumbarspondylosis)

The Author wish to acknowledge our hearty thanks to Dr.A.S.Poongodi Kanthimathi Head of the Department, Department of Siddhar YogaMaruthuvam, Department of Biochemistry, Government Siddha Medical College & Hospital, Palayamkottai and Thanks to My Department Facilities.

1. Anonymous Sarakkusuthimuraigal,First Edition, Siddha maruthuvaNoolveliyitapirivu Indian medicine and Homeopathy Department (2008)

4. MurugesaMudaliyarK.S.Text book of materia medica (Gunapadam)mooligai,Department of Indian medicine and Homeopathy (2008)

DRUGS	BOTANICAL NAME	PART USED
KADUKKAI	*Terminalia chebula*	fruit pulp