BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SIDDHA MONOHERBAL DRUG AMMAIYAR KOONTHAL CHOORANAM
Alexpandian.M 1, David Baskar .R2, Ahamed mohideen.M3
1 PG Scholar, Department of Pura Maruthuvam
2 PG scholar, Department of Pura maruthuvam
3 Head of the Department, Department of Pura Maruthuvam
Government siddha Medical College & Hospital , Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli
ABSTRACT.
Siddha system is the most ancient system of medicine, it is a vast repository of internal and external medicines. There are 32 types of external therapies which includes ottradam ,thokkanam, pottanam etc…and there are 32 types of unique internal medicines the efficacy of the medicines are very high which based on the holistic nature of their approach to healing . Ammaiyar koonthal chooranam along with ottradam gives tremendous results in the treatment of thandaga vatham( lumbar spondylosis). The aim of the study was to evaluate the Biochemical analysis of the trial drug Ammaiyar koonthal chooranam and it indicates the presence of tannic acid , ferrous iron, unsaturation compound, aminoacid which revealed the enhancement of therapeutic action in vadha diseases especially in Thandaga vatham (lumbar spondylosis).
Keywords: Ammaiyar koonthal chooranam, biochemical analysis, thandaga vatham, lumbar spondylosis..
Introduction:
In siddha system yugimunivar classified vatha disease-into 80 types. The disease Thandaga Vatham can be correlated with lumbar spondylosis.
Most of the symptoms of “LUMBAR SPONDYLOSIS” (pain in low back area, stiffness over lumbar area and restricted movements) may be correlated with the symptoms of Thandaga Vatham
Lumbar spondylosis is a degenerative changes in disc and lumbar spine .Disc degeneration is age related and starts in the 3rd decade.
Reduction in the molecular size of the proteoglycans of the Nucleus Pulposus, is associated with loss of viscol elastic properties, increased load bearing by the annulus is followed by focal damage and disc herniation in some cases.
Disc prolapse and osteophytosis can formed root compression and indirect ischemic neuronal damage. In GUNAPADAM MOOLIGAI VAGUPPU drug AMMAIYAR KOONTHAL CHOORNAM has been indicated for Vatha disease. this polyherbal formulation AMMAIYAR KOONTHAL CHOORNAM have the therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of “THANDAGAVATHAM” (LUMBAR SPONDYLOSIS).
MATERIALS AND METHOD:
INGREDIENTS OF AMMAIYAR KOONTHAL CHOORANAM
Table 1
DRUG |
BOTANICAL NAME |
FAMILY |
PART USED |
QUANTITY |
Ammaiyar koonthal |
Cuscta reflexa |
Convolvulaceae |
Whole plant |
1 part |
Collection, Identification and Authentication of the Drug:
The required raw drugs were collected from near nagercoil. They were identified and authenticated by Botanist of Government Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai.
Purification of the Drug:
The ingredients of this herbal formulation were purified according to the proper produce methods described in Siddha Classical Literature.
Preparation of the Medicine:
The clean Ammaiyar koonthal are taken, dried and powdered. Then the powdered drug is kept in an air tight container.
Biochemical analysis:
Screening the drug Ammaiyar koonthal chooranam to identify the Biochemical properties present in the ingredient.
Chemicals and drugs:
The chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade obtain from Department of Biochemistry, Government Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai. Methodology:
5 grams of the drug was weighed accurately and placed in a 250ml clean beaker. Then 50ml of distilled water added to it and dissolved well. Then it was boiled well for about 10 minutes. It was cooled and filtered in a 100ml volumetric flask and then it is made upto 100ml with distilled water. This fluid was taken for analysis.
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
S.No |
EXPERIMENT |
OBSERVATION |
INFERENCE |
01 |
TEST FOR CALCIUM 2ml of the above prepared extract is taken in a clean test tube. To this add 2ml of 4% Ammonium oxalate solution |
No white precipitate is formed |
Absence of calcium |
02 |
TEST FOR SULPHATE 2ml of the extract is added to 5% Barium chloride solution. |
No white precipitate is formed |
Absence of sulphate |
03 |
TEST FOR CHLORIDE The extract is treated with silver nitrate solution |
No white precipitate is formed |
Absence of chloride |
04 |
TEST FOR CARBONATE The substance is treated with concentrated Hcl. |
No brisk effervessence is formed |
Absence of carbonate |
05 |
TEST FOR STARCH The extract is added with weak iodine solution |
Blue colour is formed |
Absence of starch |
06 |
TEST FOR FERRIC IRON The extract is acidified with Glacial acetic acid and potassium ferro cyanide. |
No blue colour is formed |
Absence of ferric iron |
07 |
TEST FOR FERROUS IRON The extract is treated with concentrated Nitric acid and Ammonium thiocyanate solution |
Blood red colour is formed |
Indicates the presence of ferrous iron |
08 |
TEST FOR PHOSPHATE The extract is treated with Ammonium Molybdate and concentrated nitric acid |
No yellow precipitate is formed |
Absence of phosphate |
09 |
TEST FOR ALBUMIN The extract is treated with Esbach’s reagent |
No yellow precipitate is formed |
Absence of albumin |
10 |
TEST FOR TANNIC ACID The extract is treated with ferric chloride. |
Blue black precipitate is formed |
Indicate the presence of Tannic acid |
11 |
TEST FOR UNSATURATION Potassium permanganate solution is added to the extract |
It gets decolourised |
Indicates the presence of unsaturated compound |
12 |
TEST FOR THE REDUCING SUGAR 5ml of Benedict’s qualitative solution is taken in a test tube and allowed to boil for 2 minutes and add 8-10 drops of the extract and again boil it for 2 minutes. |
Colour changes occur |
Absence of reducing sugar |
13 |
TEST FOR AMINO ACID One or two drops of the extract is placed on a filter paper and dried well. After drying, 1% Ninhydrin is sprayed over the same and dried it well. |
Violet colour is formed |
Indicates the presence of amino acid |
14 |
TEST FOR ZINC The extract is treated with Potassium Ferro cyanide. |
No white precipitate is formed |
Absence of zinc |
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:
The Bio chemical analysis of the trial drug Ammaiyar koonthal chooranam was tabulated above in table 2.
The trial drug Ammaiyar koonthal chooranam contains
1. Ferrous iron
2. Tannic acid
3. Unsaturated compound
4. Amino acid
Mode of action of the trial drug Ammaiyar koonthal chooranam, which brings about the analgesic, anti inflammatory, anti pyretic, anti-cancerous activity in the body. It can be used to the treatment of lumbar spondylosis May be due to the presence of ferrous iron, tannic acid, unsaturated compound, Amino acid, in it.
Conclusion:
Ammaiyar koonthal chooranam is a drug taken from a Siddha literature used in the treatment of Thandaga vatham(lumbar spondylosis). The drug is screened for its bio chemical properties. Further, comprehensive pharmacological analysis are needed to evaluate its potency and the drug has its own potency to undergo further research.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The author wish to acknowledge our hearty thanks to Dr.M.Ahamed mohideen, Associate professor, Department of pura Maruthuvam, Government Siddha Medical College Palayamkottai and thanks to Department of Biochemistry Government Siddha Medical College Palayamkottai.
References:
1. Gunapadam Mooligai vaguppu
2. Davidson’s Principles and practice of medicine, 19th edition