BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SIDDHA MONOHERBAL DRUG AMMAIYAR KOONTHAL CHOORANAM

Alexpandian.M 1, David Baskar .R2, Ahamed mohideen.M3

1 PG Scholar, Department of Pura Maruthuvam

2 PG scholar, Department of Pura maruthuvam

3 Head of the Department, Department of Pura Maruthuvam

Government siddha Medical College & Hospital , Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli

ABSTRACT.

Siddha system is the most ancient system of medicine, it is a vast repository of internal and external medicines. There are 32 types of external therapies which includes ottradam ,thokkanam, pottanam etc…and there are 32 types of unique internal medicines the efficacy of the medicines are very high which based on the holistic nature of their approach to healing . Ammaiyar koonthal chooranam along with ottradam gives tremendous results in the treatment of thandaga vatham( lumbar spondylosis). The aim of the study was to evaluate the Biochemical analysis of the trial drug Ammaiyar koonthal chooranam and it indicates the presence of tannic acid , ferrous iron, unsaturation compound, aminoacid which revealed the enhancement of therapeutic action in vadha diseases especially in Thandaga vatham (lumbar spondylosis).

Keywords: Ammaiyar koonthal chooranam, biochemical analysis, thandaga vatham, lumbar spondylosis..

Introduction:

In siddha system yugimunivar classified vatha disease-into 80 types. The disease Thandaga Vatham can be correlated with lumbar spondylosis.

Most of the symptoms of “LUMBAR SPONDYLOSIS” (pain in low back area, stiffness over lumbar area and restricted movements) may be correlated with the symptoms of Thandaga Vatham

Lumbar spondylosis is a degenerative changes in disc and lumbar spine .Disc degeneration is age related and starts in the 3rd decade.

Reduction in the molecular size of the proteoglycans of the Nucleus Pulposus, is associated with loss of viscol elastic properties, increased load bearing by the annulus is followed by focal damage and disc herniation in some cases.

Disc prolapse and osteophytosis can formed root compression and indirect ischemic neuronal damage. In GUNAPADAM MOOLIGAI VAGUPPU drug AMMAIYAR KOONTHAL CHOORNAM has been indicated for Vatha disease. this polyherbal formulation AMMAIYAR KOONTHAL CHOORNAM have the therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of “THANDAGAVATHAM” (LUMBAR SPONDYLOSIS).

MATERIALS AND METHOD:

INGREDIENTS OF AMMAIYAR KOONTHAL CHOORANAM

Table 1

DRUG

BOTANICAL NAME

FAMILY

PART USED

QUANTITY

Ammaiyar koonthal

Cuscta reflexa

Convolvulaceae

Whole plant

1 part

Collection, Identification and Authentication of the Drug:

The required raw drugs were collected from near nagercoil. They were identified and authenticated by Botanist of Government Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai.

Purification of the Drug:

The ingredients of this herbal formulation were purified according to the proper produce methods described in Siddha Classical Literature.

Preparation of the Medicine:

The clean Ammaiyar koonthal are taken, dried and powdered. Then the powdered drug is kept in an air tight container.

Biochemical analysis:

Screening the drug Ammaiyar koonthal chooranam to identify the Biochemical properties present in the ingredient.

Chemicals and drugs:

The chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade obtain from Department of Biochemistry, Government Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai. Methodology:

5 grams of the drug was weighed accurately and placed in a 250ml clean beaker. Then 50ml of distilled water added to it and dissolved well. Then it was boiled well for about 10 minutes. It was cooled and filtered in a 100ml volumetric flask and then it is made upto 100ml with distilled water. This fluid was taken for analysis.

QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS

S.No

EXPERIMENT

OBSERVATION

INFERENCE

01

TEST FOR CALCIUM

2ml of the above prepared extract is taken in a clean test tube. To this add 2ml of 4% Ammonium oxalate solution

No white precipitate is formed

Absence of calcium

02

TEST FOR SULPHATE

2ml of the extract is added to 5% Barium chloride solution.

No white precipitate is formed

Absence of sulphate

03

TEST FOR CHLORIDE

The extract is treated with silver nitrate solution

No white precipitate is formed

Absence of chloride

04

TEST FOR CARBONATE

The substance is treated with concentrated Hcl.

No brisk effervessence is formed

Absence of carbonate

05

TEST FOR STARCH

The extract is added with weak iodine solution

Blue colour is formed

Absence of starch

06

TEST FOR FERRIC IRON

The extract is acidified with Glacial acetic acid and potassium ferro cyanide.

No blue colour is formed

Absence of ferric iron

07

TEST FOR FERROUS IRON

The extract is treated with concentrated Nitric acid and Ammonium thiocyanate solution

Blood red colour is formed

Indicates the presence of ferrous iron

08

TEST FOR PHOSPHATE

The extract is treated with Ammonium Molybdate and concentrated nitric acid

No yellow precipitate is formed

Absence of phosphate

09

TEST FOR ALBUMIN

The extract is treated with Esbach’s reagent

No yellow precipitate is formed

Absence of albumin

10

TEST FOR TANNIC ACID

The extract is treated with ferric chloride.

Blue black precipitate is formed

Indicate the presence of Tannic acid

11

TEST FOR UNSATURATION

Potassium permanganate solution is added to the extract

It gets decolourised

Indicates the presence of unsaturated compound

12

TEST FOR THE REDUCING SUGAR

5ml of Benedict’s qualitative solution is taken in a test tube and allowed to boil for 2 minutes and add 8-10 drops of the extract and again boil it for 2 minutes.

Colour changes occur

Absence of reducing sugar

13

TEST FOR AMINO ACID

One or two drops of the extract is placed on a filter paper and dried well. After drying, 1% Ninhydrin is sprayed over the same and dried it well.

Violet colour is formed

Indicates the presence of amino acid

14

TEST FOR ZINC

The extract is treated with Potassium Ferro cyanide.

No white precipitate is formed

Absence of zinc


RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

The Bio chemical analysis of the trial drug Ammaiyar koonthal chooranam was tabulated above in table 2.

The trial drug Ammaiyar koonthal chooranam contains

1. Ferrous iron

2. Tannic acid

3. Unsaturated compound

4. Amino acid

Mode of action of the trial drug Ammaiyar koonthal chooranam, which brings about the analgesic, anti inflammatory, anti pyretic, anti-cancerous activity in the body. It can be used to the treatment of lumbar spondylosis May be due to the presence of ferrous iron, tannic acid, unsaturated compound, Amino acid, in it.

Conclusion:

Ammaiyar koonthal chooranam is a drug taken from a Siddha literature used in the treatment of Thandaga vatham(lumbar spondylosis). The drug is screened for its bio chemical properties. Further, comprehensive pharmacological analysis are needed to evaluate its potency and the drug has its own potency to undergo further research.


ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The author wish to acknowledge our hearty thanks to Dr.M.Ahamed mohideen, Associate professor, Department of pura Maruthuvam, Government Siddha Medical College Palayamkottai and thanks to Department of Biochemistry Government Siddha Medical College Palayamkottai.

References:

1. Gunapadam Mooligai vaguppu

2. Davidson’s Principles and practice of medicine, 19th edition