BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SIDDHA POLYHERBAL DRUG ILAGU SEENA CHOORANAM

Karthika.S1, Karthika.Ar2, Soundararajan.D.K 3

1.PG Scholar, Department of Kuzhanthai Maruthuvam

2.PG Scholar, Department of Kuzhanthai Maruthuvam

3.Head of the Department,Department of Kuzhanthai Maruthuvam

Government siddha Medical College

Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli

ABSTRACT

Vitiligo is an acquired depigmenting disorder of the skin resulting from loss of functional melanocytes. It often affects adult and children.It can have a variable age of onset, but many studies have reported that around 50% of the patients have an onset before the age of 18 years and a quarter before the age of 8 years. However, the social impact on children is that it leads to psychological distress and affects self-esteem of the children. In classical siddha literature vitiligo is named as venpadai which is one type of kuttam. Among 18 varieties of kuttam, it is noted as venkuttam or swethakuttam in yugichinthamani. Various causes were given in literature includes constant irritation made in the skin by an object, ductless glands, malnutrition, genetic factors, secondary to syphilis, leprosy and some of the microorganisms. In siddha literature agathiyar vaithiya pillai tamil, Ilaguseena chooranam is indicated for venkuttam which is pur ely a herbal medicine that is safe and effective. The research and analysis in this siddha medicineIlagu seena chooranam will bring out the effectiveness of drug scientifically. The preliminary study and qualitative analysis will paved a way for further clinical studies in this trial drug. The biochemical analysis of the trial drug indicates the presence of Sulphate, Starch, Ferrous Iron, Unsaturated Compound,Reducing sugar, Amino Acid revealed the enhancement of therapeutic action in vitiligo

Keywords: Siddha system, venpadai, venpulli, swetha kuttam, Ilagu seena chooranam, Biochemical analysis.

Introduction:

Siddha medicine is one of the most Ancient mother medicine of medical system of India.The word siddha comes from the tamil word for perfection. It equals to emphasis on the body, mind, and spirit and strives to restore the innate harmony of the individual. Siddha is the mother medicine of ancient tamil of Southern peninsula. The word siddha means established truth. Gradually, the system is spreading its benefits to the people of surrounding states also. Siddha system is guiding us to lead a perfect living in this world, starting from the first day of birth to the last day of death. Not only that, the system takes care even before the conception itself. Todays children are the future citizens of a nation. To have a better nation, healthy citizens can contribute a Lot. “Venpadai”is popularly known as” Vitiligo” has been a challenge to the medical world.Siddhars classified the diseases into 4448 types. Skin diseases are also include in these types. Venpadai or Venkuttam is also called “Swetha kuttam” which is one of the 18 varieties of “kuttam” noted in yugichinthamini. The drug from Siddha Literature ( Agathiyar vaithiya pillai tamil ) Ilagu seena chooranam is analysed for the biochemical composition.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

ILAGU SEENA CHOORANAM–

INGREDIENTS

Table:1

S.No .

Drug Nam e

Botanical Nam e

1

Parangipatta i

Smilax chin a

2

Sivanaar vembu verpatta i

Indigofera aspalathoide s

3

Sirikurinjan verpatta i

Gymnema sylvestr e

4

Thalaichuruli verpatta i

Aristolochia indic a

5

Sangankuppi ili a

Clerodendron innerm e

6

Sangan verpatta i

Azima tetracanth a

7

Vellarugu samoola m

Enicostemma axillar e

8

Kaiyanthagarai samoola m

Eclipta prostrat a

9

Senkathari verpatta i

Capparis seppiari a

Collection, Identification and Authentication of the Drug:

The required herbal drugs were purchased from Siddha Medical College Campus. The required raw drugs were purchased from a well reputed country shop. They were Government Siddha Medical Botanist of Government Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai.

Purification of the Drug:

All the ingredients of this herbal formulation were purified according to the proper produce methods described in Siddha Classical Literature.

Preparation of the drug:

All this drug individualy purified then prepare fine powder and then mixed together and bottled up.

Biochemical analysis:

Screening the drug Ilagu seena chooranam to identify the Biochemical properties present in the ingredient.

Chemicals and drugs:

The chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade obtain from Department of Biochemistry, Government Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai.

Methodology:

5 grams of the drug was weighed accurately and placed in a 250ml clean beaker. Then 50ml of distilled water added to it and dissolved well. Then it was boiled well for about 10 minutes. It was cooled and filtered in a 100ml volumetric flask and then it is made upto 100ml with distilled water. This fluid was taken for analysis.

QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS

TABLE - 2

S .

No.

EXPERIMEN T

OBSERVATIO N

INFERENC E

1

TEST FOR CALCIU M

2ml of the above prepared extract is taken in a clean test tube. To this add 2ml of 4% Ammonium oxalate solution.

No white precipitate is formed

Absence of calcium.

2

TEST FOR SULPHAT E

2ml of the extract is added to 5% Barium Chloride solution

A white precipitate is formed

Indicates the presence of sulphate

3

TEST FOR CHLORID E

The extract is treated with silver nitrate solution.

No white precipitate is formed

Absence of chloride.

4

TEST FOR CARBONAT E

The substance is treated with concentrated Hcl.

No brisk effectivessence is formed

Absence of Carbonate

5

TEST FOR STARC H

The extract is added with weak iodine solution

Blue Colour is formed.

Indicates the present of Starch

6

TEST FOR FERRIC IRO N

The extract is acidified with Glacial acetic acid and potassium ferro cyanide.

No blue color is formed.

Absence of ferric iron

7

TEST FOR FERROUS IRO N

The extract is treated with concentrated Nitric acid and Ammonium thiocyanate solution.

Blood red colour is formed.

Indicates the presence of

ferrous Iron.

8

TEST FOR PHOSPHAT E

The extract is treated with Ammonium Molybdate and concentrated nitric acid

No yellow precipitate is formed

Absence of Phosphate

9

TEST FOR ALBUMI N

The extract is treated with Esbach’s reagent

No yellow precipitate is formed.

Absence of Albumin.

10

TEST FOR TANNIC ACI D

This extract is treated with ferric chloride.

No blue back precipitate is formed

Absence of tannic acid.

11

TEST FOR UNSATURATIO N

Potassium permanganate solution is added to the extract.

It gets decolourised

Indicates the presence of unsaturated compound

12

TEST FOR THE REDUCING SUGAR

5ml of Benedict’s qualitative solution is taken in a test tube and allowed to boil for 2 minutes and add 8-10 drops of the extract and again boil it for 2 minutes

Colour change occurs

Indicates the presence of Reducing sugar

13

TEST FOR AMINO ACI D

One or two drops of the extract is

placed on a filter paper and dried well. After drying 1% Ninydrin is sprayed over the same and dried it well.

Violet colour is formed.

Indicates the presence of Amino Acid.

14

TEST FOR ZIN C

The extract is treated with Potassium Ferro cyanide.

No white precipitate is formed.

Absence of Zinc.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

The Bio chemical analysis of the trial drug Ilagu seena chooranam was tabulated above in table 2.

The trial drug Ilagu seena chooranam contains.

1. Sulphate

2. Starch

3. Ferrous Iron

4. Unsaturated compound

5. Reducing sugar

6. Amino Acid

The mode of action of the trial drug Ilagu seena chooranamwhich brings about the pigmentation of skin in body, may be due to the presence of Sulphate, Ferrous Iron , Amino Acid in it.

Conclusion:

Ilagu seena chooranam is a Siddha Drug taken from a Siddha literature used in the treatment of venpadai. The drug is screened for its bio chemical properties. Further, comprehensive pharmacological analysis are needed to evaluate its potency and the drug has its own potency to undergo further research.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The author wish to acknowledge our hearty thanks to Dr.D.K. Soundararajan, Head of the Department, Department of Kuzhanthai Maruthuvam, Government Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai and thanks to Department of Biochemistry, Government Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai.

References:

1. Vaithya rathnam K.S. Murugesa mudhaliar siddha matria Medica (Medicinal plant division), Indian medicine and Homeopathy department ,Chennai, 1936.

2. Arun C. Inamadar, Aparna palit, S.Ragunath, Textbook of Pediatric dermatology 2'nd Edition, Jaypee brothers medical publishers, Pp.418.

3. S.P.Ramachandran Agathiya vaithiya pillaithamizh 1'st Edition Feb 1998,Pp.72.