Biochemical Analysis of Siddha Polyherbal Drug Siru Vilvathi Elagam

 M. SOCIYA PARVIN1, D. EASWARI2, K. SHYAMALA3

1-2 PGScholar, Department of KuzhanthaiMaruthuvam, 3 LecturerGrade 2, Department of KuzhanthaiMaruthuvam, Government Siddha Medical College and Hospital

Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli(Affiliated to the Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai)


ABSTRACT

Background :

Siddha system of medicine is one among the ancient medical science which is propounded and practiced by eminent spiritual scientists called “ Siddhars”. More than 2 billion people around the world are suffering from anemia. It is widespread health problem ,particularly in developing counties .siddha system deals with different types of diseases, Among varies types of diseases “MannunVeluppuNoi”(Iron Deficiency Anemia) causes serious health problem in many developing countries particularly in pediatric age group. SiruVilvathiElagam is a polyherbal drug which is used to treat “MannunVeluppuNoi”(Iron Deficiency Anemia).

Objective :

The objective of this study was to evaluate the biochemical analysis of the drug -SiruVilvathiElagam.

Methods:

Biochemical analysis of SiruVilvathiElagam is obtained by extraction method(i.e) Drug were dissolved in distilled water and allowed to cool and filtered ,this filtered fluid is taken for analysis.

Result :

Biochemical analysis of the SiruVilvathiElagamcontains calcium, sulphate , ferrous iron, unsaturated compound & amino acid.

Conclution :

From the above results obtained from biochemical analysis ofSiruVilvathiElagam,our finding concluded that the drugSiruVilvathiElagam will be effective in treating the disease “MannunVeluppuNoi”(IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA).

Keywords: MannunVeluppuNoi, Iron Deficiency Anemia, SiruVilvathiElagam, Biochemical Analysis.

INTRODUCTION :

The Universe is formed by 5 basic elements namely, Maan, Neer, Theyu, Vayu, Agayam which are called panchapootha, and every living organism is formed of it in definite proportion.Anaemia is defined as a reduction of the haemoglobin concentration or red blood cell [RBC] volume below the range of values occurring in healthy persons. Which vary by age,sex, altitude, and pregnancy status.Anemia is a global public health problem affecting both developing and developed countries at all ages .Anaemia is often multifactorial and is not an independent phenomenon. Even though our country is developing one, even now some of our people lie below the poverty line and under socio-economic status. They have been suffering from various diseases mainly due to malnutrition, the commonest being Iron Deficiency Anemia. Iron Deficiency Anemia is a common problem in pediatric age group. The common causes of Iron Deficiency Anemia in India are poverty, socio-economic pattern, malnutrition, untreated illness, Hookworm Infestation etc. The most common occurrence of MannunVeluppuNoi is among the preschool and school going children .On the basis of our siddha text the disease MannunVeluppuNoi in Chidambaram ThanuPillai – KuzhanthaiNoigal Part -1 is correlated with Iron Deficiency Anemia .The drug which was selected from the siddha literature ( AnubogaVaithiyaNavaneetham Part 8).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

SiruVilvathiElagam:

INGREDIENTS:

Table 1 : Part 1 & Part 2 are the ingredients of the drug - SiruVilvathiElagam

Part 1

Tamil Name

Botanical Name

Part Used

Family

VilvamVerPattai

Aeglemarmelos

Root

Rutaceae

Thanneer

Water

Vellam

Jaggery

ElumichaiPazham

Juice Of Citrus Limon

Fruit

InjiCharu

Juice Of Zingeberofficinales

Rhizome

Part 2

Elarisi

Elattariacaramomum

Seed

Zingeberaceae

Lavangam

Syzygiumaromaticum

Flower Bud

Myrtaceae

Sukku

Zingeberofficinales

Dried Ginger

Zingeberaceae

Milagu

Piper Nigram

Seed

Piperaceae

ArisiThippili

Piper Longum

Fruit

Piperaceae

LavangaPathiri

Cinnamomumtamala

Leaf

Lauraceae

Sirunagapoo

Mesuanagassarium

Flower Bud

Lauraceae

ThalisaPathiri

Abiesspectabilis

Leaf

Pinaceae

KothamalliVithai

Coriandrumsativum

Seed

Apiaceae

Nellimulli

Phyllanthusemblica

Dried Fruit

Euphorbiaceae

Jathikkai

Myristicafragrans

Fruit

Myristicaceae

ParuthiVithai

Gossypiumherbaceum

Seed

Malvaceae

Vettiver

Vettiveriazizanioides

Root

Poaceae

VilamichamVer

Coleus Vettivroides

Root

Lamiaceae

Nerpori

Oryza Sativa

Roasted Seed

Poaceae

Thaen

Honey

Collection, Identification and Authentication of the Drug:

The required raw drugs were purchased from a well reputed country shop. They were Government Siddha Medical Botanist of Government Siddha Medical College and Hospital, Palayamkottai.

Purification of the Drug:

All the ingredients of this herbal formulation were purified according to the proper produce methods described in Siddha Classical Literature.

Preparation of the Drug :

Ø All these drugs are purified as per classical siddha texts.

Ø Make the Decoction of vilvaverpattai and then mix the juices present in part 1.

Ø Add jaggery and heat it in low flame until it becomes paagupatham

Ø Then add the powdered ingredients present in part 2 and then add honey

Ø Allow it to cool and store it in air tight container .

Make the decoction of Vilvaverpattai and mix the juices and Jaggery, heat it in low flame until it becomes paagupatham, then add the raw drugs and honey then allow it to cool.

Biochemical analysis:

Screening the drug SiruVilvathiElagam to identify the Biochemical properties.

Chemicals and drugs:

The chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade obtained from Department of Biochemistry, Government Siddha Medical College and Hospital,Palayamkottai.

METHODOLOGY:

Preparation of the extract:

5gms of the drug was weighed accurately and placed in a 250ml clean beaker then 50ml of distilled water is added and dissolved well. Then it is boiled well for about 10 minutes. It is cooled and filtered in a 100ml volumetric flask and then it is making up to 100ml with distilled water. This fluid is taken for analysis.

QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS

TABLE –2 :Biochemical analysis of SiruVilvathiElagam

S.NO

EXPERIMENT

OBSERVATION

INFERENCE

1.

TEST FOR CALCIUM

2ml of the above prepared extract is taken in a clean test tube. To this add 2ml of 4% Ammonium oxalate solution

A white precipitate is formed

Indicates the presence of Calcium

2.

TEST FOR SULPHATE

2ml of the extract is added to 5% Barium chloride solution.

A white precipitate is formed

Indicates the presence of Sulphate

3.

TEST FOR CHLORIDE

The extract is treated with silver nitrate solution

No white precipitate is formed

Absence of Chloride

4.

TEST FOR CARBONATE

The substance is treated with concentrated Hcl.

No brisk effervescence is formed

Absence of Carbonate

5.

TEST FOR STARCH

The extract is added with weak iodine solution

No blue color is formed

Absence of Starch

6.

TEST FOR FERRIC IRON

The extract is acidified with Glacial acetic acid and potassium Ferro cyanide.

No blue color is formed

Absence of ferric Iron

7.

TEST FOR FERROUS IRON

The extract is treated with concentrated Nitric acid and Ammonium thiocyanate solution

Blood red color is formed

Indicates the presence of Ferrous Iron

8.

TEST FOR PHOSPHATE

The extract is treated with Ammonium Molybdate and concentrated nitric acid

No yellow precipitate is formed

Absence of Phosphate

9.

TEST FOR ALBUMIN

The extract is treated with Esbach’s reagent

No yellow precipitate is formed

Absence of Albumin

10.

TEST FOR TANNIC ACID

The extract is treated with ferric chloride.

No blue black precipitate is formed

Absence of Tannic acid

11.

TEST FOR UNSATURATION

Potassium permanganate solution is added to the extract

It gets decolorized

Indicates the Presence of Unsaturated compound

12.

TEST FOR THE REDUCING SUGAR

5ml of Benedict’s qualitative solution is taken in a test tube and allowed to boil for 2 minutes and add 8-10 drops of the extract and again boil it for 2 minutes.

No Color change occurs

Absence of Reducing sugar

13.

TEST FOR AMINO ACID

One or two drops of the extract is placed on a filter paper and dried well. After drying, 1% Ninhydrin is sprayed over the same and dried it well.

Violet color is formed

Indicates the presence of Amino acid

14.

TEST FOR ZINC

The extract is treated with Potassium Ferro cyanide.

No white precipitate is formed

Absence of Zinc

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

The Bio chemical analysis of the trial drug SiruVilvathiElagam was tabulated above in table 2.

The trail drug “SiruVilvathiElagam” contains

1. Calcium

2. Sulphate

3. Ferrous iron,

4. Unsaturated compound

5. Amino acid.

The mode of action of the trial drug SiruVilvathiElagam which brings about the therapeutic action in body process, may be due to the presence of calcium Sulphate, Ferrous iron,unsaturated compound, Amino acid in it.

Conclusion:

SiruVilvathiElagam is a Siddha Drug taken from a Siddha literature used in the treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia. The drug is screened for its bio chemical properties. Further, comprehensive pharmacological analysis is needed to evaluate its potency and the drug has its own potency to undergo further research.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The author wish to acknowledge our hearty thanks to Dr. K. Shyamala Lecturer Grade 2, Department of KuzhanthaiMaruthuvam, Government Siddha Medical College and Hospital Palayamkottai and thanks to Department of Biochemistry Government Siddha Medical College and Hospital Palayamkottai.

Référence:

1. Hakkem. B.M.Abdullahsayabu,AnubogaVaithiyaNavaneetham, part 8, ThamarainoolagamApril- 2002,84.

2. Sambasivampillai T.V, Siddha Medical Dictionary Vol V, Department of Indian Medicine and Homeopathy, Chennai, Edition II, 2006.

3. Pon G: Balavagadam, Department of Indian Medicine and Homeopathy, Chennai, Edition 2nd, 1992

4. Parthasarathy.A, IAP text book of pediatrics, Jaypeebrothers medical publishers, National publication house, Gwalior 5th edition, 649-655.

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6. Dr. S. ChidambaraThanupPillai, KuzhanthaiNoigal part – 1.

Siddha medical literature research centre 2003, 1-10.

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