Management of Kalladaippu
Noi (Renal calculi) through Siddha Medicine Vediuppu Chunnam- A case series
Aiswaryaa SB,
Sakthi Bhaaradham Naturals, Padi, Chennai – 50,
ABSTRACT:
A Kidney Stone is a hard crystalline mineral
material formed within the kidney (or) urinary tract. Urolithiasis is one of the
third most common afflictions found in humans. Kidney stones form when there is
a decrease in urine volume and/or an excess of stone-forming
substances in the urine. Dehydration is a major risk factor for Urolithiasis.
Other risk factors including a blockage of the urinary tract, Obesity, High
protein (or) Glucose diet, Cystic kidney diseases, Hyper para thyroid condition, Inflammatory of bowel
diseases, Gout, Gastric bypass surgery, Recurrent UTI's, Renal tubular
acidosis, Certain medications such as Diuretics, Calcium-based antacids, Anti-Seizure drugs. The Siddha system of
Medicine has the potency to treat the
renal stones without any surgical procedures. The drug Vediuppu chunnam
provides such a tremendous remedial measures without any adverse events in
combination with Malai kalli and documented as a case series
KEY
WORDS:
Vediuppu
Chunnam, Bryophyllum pinnatum(malai Kalli), Kidney stones (Kalladaippu Noi), Siddha
Medicine.
INTRODUCTION:
Among urinary tract disorders, kidney stones are one
of the most common afflictions which have affected human beings since ages.
Kidney stones form when compounds in the urine aggregate into a solid mass,
typically consisting of insoluble calcium compounds, called as Renal calculus. Kidney
stones are of two types i.e. primary stones which include stones of
calcium, oxalate, uric acid, cystine, and
xanthine. The secondary stones are formed by urea-splitting
organisms such as Proteus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella species and are known as
struvite stones. They are composed of magnesium, ammonium and phosphates.
Kidney stones may lead to swollen kidneys, infections of kidneys and
finally to kidney failure. Kidney stones cause excruciating pain and are
extremely common.
The
incidences of kidney stones are not only widespread in the world but the
history of this disease is also very old. In the industrialized and countries
of the developed world, the incidences of kidney stone are rapidly on the rise.
The occurrence varies from country to country, region to region, race to race,
sex to sex and according to the age. About 5-12percent of the world’s population develops kidney stones
during their lifetime. The number of people living in high-risk zones for kidney stones has grown up to 40 percent in 2000 and will grow to 50 percent by 2050. In the Indian scenario, the prevalence of kidney stones in India is
15percent and approximately 5 to 7 million patients are suffering from this
painful disease, kidney stones are becoming a benign
disease of the nation. Eighty percent of kidney stones are passed naturally
without damage to kidney while 20 percent
prove harmful. A patient with a stone episode has 50 percent chances of recurrence within
the first five years without prophylactic intervention.
The
exact etiology of renal stone is difficult to ascertain due to its
multifunctional nature. Common epidemiological risk factors for kidney stones
are age, sex, geographical location, family history and body size. Men are affected three times more than women .
Individuals with a family history of the stone disease have a nearly threefold high risk of developing kidney stones than in
those without a family history for the disease. Present-day medical management of
urolithiasis mainly involves the surgical removal of stones. Techniques such as
ESWL PCNL do not assure the prevention of recurrence of the stone. They cause
side effects such as heamorrhage,
hypertension, tubular necrosis and subsequent fibrosis of the kidney.
Hence, the search for herbal-mineral
preparations is still ongoing. A large number of Indian medicinal plants have
been used in the treatment of urolithiasis and they are reported to be
effective with no side effects. Many chronic diseases, considered incurable in
western medicine, can be treated successfully with Siddha medicine. According
to our study, the treatment for it was done by Bryophylum pinnatum (Malai kalli)
leaf juice and Vediuppu chunnam.
Bryophyllum pinnatum (Malai kalli):
B.pinnatum
(malai kalli) which is a succulent
perennial herb, used widely by the traditional practitioners for various alignments. It is especially effective in the treatment of Kidney
stones. The plant grows all over India in hot and moist areas. In traditional medicine, the leaves of this plant have been
used for antimicrobial, anti fungal, anti ulcer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti hyper sensitive potent, anti-histamine and anti
allergic activity.
VEDIUPPU CHUNNAM:
Vediuppu
chunnam is highly acclaimed dosage form of
alkaline group of drugs indicated for
chronic degenerative diseases in Siddha System of Medicine. It is prepared from
Salt Peter, Purified with quenching in
different plant juices and subjected to calcinations
(or) incineration in pudam method with
cow dung cakes as specified in the formula. Shelf life - when properly stored, they retain their potency up to 500
years.
CLINICAL FINDINGS AND
ASSESSMENT:
The
study was conducted in our clinic, Chennai, where the Renal stone Patients came
with the complaints of Abdominal pain,
radiating pain from loin to groin, nausea sometimes, pain in the urethra.
S.NO |
AGE/SEX |
OCCUPATION |
ALCOHOL/ SMOKING |
DIET/LIFE
STYLE MODIFICATIONS |
DURATION OF
ILLNESS |
PREVIOUS TREATMENT |
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
37/M 69/M 30/F 41/M 35/M 39/F 41/F |
BPO with Shift duty Watchmen Homemaker Electrician Driver Homemaker Homemaker |
No Drinking occasionally No No Drinking occasionally No No |
Nonvegetarian, Fast food/
Altered sleeping pattern Non
vegetarian/ Altered sleeping pattern Non
vegetarian/ Obese Nonvegetarian, Fast food Nonvegetarian, Fast food/
Altered sleeping pattern Non
vegetarian/ Stressful life Non
vegetarian/ Obese |
1 Month 2 Months 1 Month 2 Months 1 Month 1 Month 1 Month |
Nil Allopathic
medication Nil Allopathic
medication Allopathic
medication Nil Nil |
METHODOLOGY:
The Siddha drug Vediuppu chunnam along with prepared fresh leaf juices
of B.pinnatum was given as a Adjuvant for these 7 patients.
DOSAGE:
1)
Vediuppu chunnam
- 25mg (Morning &
Night/Before food) Along with adjuvant
2)
Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf juice - 20ml
(Adjuvant)
DURATION OF TREATMENT
COURSE:
The
treatment was scheduled for 20 days with the above classified drug.. The
patients were asked to follow the following dietary regimen and lifestyle modifications during the treatment
and follow up period.
Diet and life Style
Modifications:(1) Drink at least 2 lit of water
every day (2) Increase intake of dietary fiber, green leafy vegetables (3)
Consume adequate dietary calcium (4) Reduce intake of high oxalate containing
foods (black tea, cocoa, spinach, betel
leaves, parsley, nuts) (5) Limit dairy products (6) Avoid sugar, salt,
processed meat, alcohol consumption (7) Avoid controlling of voiding.
Where
the patients Ultra sonography reports of
"Before treatment and After
treatment and thereby results were gained with no calculi noted in the
patients.
PATIENT DETAILS: (Ultra-Sonography Reports): (BEFORE TREATMENT):
S.NO |
AGE |
SEX |
SIZE |
NO.S |
SITE |
OBSTRUCTION |
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
37 69 30 41 35 39 41 |
M M F M M F F |
5.0mm 4.0mm 6.0mm 4.3mm 8mm 3mm 7mm 4.0mm 3.7 |
1 2 1 2 1 1 1 |
Lower
third of Right Kidney Left Kidney U-V Junction Right kidney Left Kidney Upper pole calyx Left Mid Ureter Right Kidney Right Lower Polar
Calyx |
Nil Mild Hydro nephrosis Nil Mild hydro nephrosis Mild hydro nephrosis Nil Nil |
PATIENT DETAILS: (Ultra-Sonography Reports): (AFTER
TREATMENT):
S.NO |
AGE |
SEX |
IMPRESSION |
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
37 69 30 41 35 39 41 |
M M F M M F F |
NORMAL in Size Wall
Thickness, NO CALCULI. NORMAL in Size Wall
Thickness, NO CALCULI. NORMAL in Size Wall Thickness,
NO CALCULI. NORMAL in Size Wall
Thickness, NO CALCULI. NORMAL in Size Wall
Thickness, NO CALCULI. NORMAL in Size Wall
Thickness, NO CALCULI. NORMAL in Size Wall
Thickness, NO CALCULI. |
Informed Consent
Documentation
The patients were assessed with necessary examination and Informed
consent was taken as per the ethical guidelines.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:
At the end of treatment, patient symptoms were
relieved within a duration of 20 days of treatment. The number of calcium
oxalate monohydrate crystals which are injurious to epithelial cells
disappeared. This study revealed that the drugs Vediuppu chunnam and Bryophyllam
pinnatum in ancient siddha literature had given enough clinical
data to move for further large scale clinical studies.
According to Siddha Medicine Kalladaippu Noi (Kidney
Stones) was described by ,One of the siddhars named Yugi Munivar in his
treatise Yugi vaidhya chinthamani 800 elaborately deals with
Kalladaippu noi under the Kalladaippu roga nithanam.
There are also evidence of this disease
in works of other prominent Siddhars like Theran
and Agasthiyar.
Bryophyllum
pinnatum Leaf juice and Vediuppu chunnam lower the levels of oxalate as well as
calcium excretion. Decreased excretion of oxalate may be due to the Inhibition
of formation of oxalate suggests the efficacy of that the herbal drug and siddha drug as an Anti-lithic agent. B.pinnatum
and Vediuppu chunnam in traditional Siddha medicine which implies its stone
breaking property. Control of crystal size and formation of COD rather than COM
crystals in combination with the diuretic action of the given medicines is an
important way to contorl Urolithiasis.
CONCLUSION:
It
may be concluded from the study that taking the fresh juice of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Malai kalli)
and Vediuppu chunnam favorably
remove the Kidney stones, not only cure the disease but also may prevent the
recurrence of the stone formation. Combination therapy is found to be more
effective and this Indigenous Siddha Medicine can be used successfully as an antilithic agent.
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